The Islamic-era city of Zahidan-e Kohneh, the second administrative center of Sistan—located today in the northern delta section of this region in southeastern Iran—was, according to historical sources and archaeological findings, a city of great splendor and importance during the Seljuk and Timurid periods. Despite extensive research on various Islamic-era structures in the Sistan plain, no specific studies have been conducted on kilns. Archaeological fieldwork and systematic surveys in Zahidan-e Kohneh revealed that broken and fused fragments of bricks, pottery, and pottery-making tools may represent the remains of an industrial zone from the Islamic era within this city. A research project conducted in 1395 SH under the supervision of the first author, aimed at surveying and excavating the site to determine its boundaries and propose a protective buffer zone around the Bibi Doost site in Zabol County, revealed that the kilns at this site were among the main centers of pottery and brick production in Zahidan-e Kohneh from the 5th to 9th centuries AH (approximately 400–800 SH). Accordingly, the authors in this study have explored the distribution, structure, function, and chronology of the discovered kilns. This goal was achieved through the analysis and interpretation of archaeological data obtained from the systematic survey of the city. A descriptive–analytical approach was applied, and the results demonstrate the clear presence of an industrial zone complex in this Islamic-era city in Sistan.